SQL Functions

Last update on October 01 2024 12:45:21 (UTC/GMT +8 hours)

What is a function?

A function is a predefined formula which takes one or more arguments as input then process the arguments and returns an output.

SQL function

SQL functions are routines that accept inputs, perform computations or operations, and return a result. They are used to encapsulate logic and facilitate data manipulation within SQL queries. Functions can operate on various data types such as strings, numbers, dates, and more.
There are two types of SQL functions, aggregate functions, and scalar(non-aggregate) functions. Aggregate functions operate on many records and produce a summary, works with GROUP BY whereas non-aggregate functions operate on each record independently.

There are so many built-in functions in SQL to do various calculations on data.

Types of SQL functions

SQL functions	Description
SQL Aggregate Function	This function can produce a single value for an entire group or table. They operate on sets of rows and return results based on groups of rows. Some Aggregate functions are - SQL Count function SQL Sum function SQL Avg function SQL Max function SQL Min function
SQL Arithmetic Function	A mathematical function executes a mathematical operation usually based on input values that are provided as arguments, and return a numeric value as the result of the operation. Mathematical functions operate on numeric data such as decimal, integer, float, real, smallint, and tinyint. Some Arithmetic functions are - abs() ceil() floor() exp() ln() mod() power() sqrt()
SQL Character Function	A character or string function is a function which takes one or more characters or numbers as parameters and returns a character value. Basic string functions offer a number of capabilities and return a string value as a result set. Some Character functions are - lower() upper() trim() translate()

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