SQL Exercise: Find where the penalty kick number 23 had been taken

Last update on January 16 2026 12:32:32 (UTC/GMT +8 hours)

From the following table, write a SQL query to find the stage of the match where penalty kick number 23 was taken. Return match number, play_stage.

Sample table: match_mast

 match_no | play_stage | play_date  | results | decided_by | goal_score | venue_id | referee_id | audence | plr_of_match | stop1_sec | stop2_sec
----------+------------+------------+---------+------------+------------+----------+------------+---------+--------------+-----------+-----------
        1 | G          | 2016-06-11 | WIN     | N          | 2-1        |    20008 |      70007 |   75113 |       160154 |       131 |       242
        2 | G          | 2016-06-11 | WIN     | N          | 0-1        |    20002 |      70012 |   33805 |       160476 |        61 |       182
        3 | G          | 2016-06-11 | WIN     | N          | 2-1        |    20001 |      70017 |   37831 |       160540 |        64 |       268
        4 | G          | 2016-06-12 | DRAW    | N          | 1-1        |    20005 |      70011 |   62343 |       160128 |         0 |       185
        5 | G          | 2016-06-12 | WIN     | N          | 0-1        |    20007 |      70006 |   43842 |       160084 |       125 |       325
        6 | G          | 2016-06-12 | WIN     | N          | 1-0        |    20006 |      70014 |   33742 |       160291 |         2 |       246
        7 | G          | 2016-06-13 | WIN     | N          | 2-0        |    20003 |      70002 |   43035 |       160176 |        89 |       188
        8 | G          | 2016-06-13 | WIN     | N          | 1-0        |    20010 |      70009 |   29400 |       160429 |       360 |       182
        9 | G          | 2016-06-13 | DRAW    | N          | 1-1        |    20008 |      70010 |   73419 |       160335 |        67 |       194
.........
       51 | F          | 2016-07-11 | WIN     | N          | 1-0        |    20008 |      70005 |   75868 |       160307 |       161 |       181

View the table

Sample table: penalty_shootout

 kick_id | match_no | team_id | player_id | score_goal | kick_no
---------+----------+---------+-----------+------------+---------
       1 |       37 |    1221 |    160467 | Y          |       1
       2 |       37 |    1213 |    160297 | Y          |       2
       3 |       37 |    1221 |    160477 | N          |       3
       4 |       37 |    1213 |    160298 | Y          |       4
       5 |       37 |    1221 |    160476 | Y          |       5
       6 |       37 |    1213 |    160281 | Y          |       6
       7 |       37 |    1221 |    160470 | Y          |       7
       8 |       37 |    1213 |    160287 | Y          |       8
       9 |       37 |    1221 |    160469 | Y          |       9
........
      37 |       47 |    1208 |    160166 | Y          |      18

View the table

Sample Solution:

SQL Code:

SELECT match_no,
       play_stage
FROM match_mast
WHERE match_no=
    (SELECT match_no
     FROM penalty_shootout
     WHERE kick_id=23);

Sample Output:

 match_no | play_stage
----------+------------
       47 | Q
(1 row)

Code Explanation:

The said query in SQL that selects the match number and play stage for a specific match from the match_mast table in which a penalty kick with ID 23 was taken.
The condition compares the match number in the match_mast table to a subquery that selects the match number from the penalty_shootout table where the kick ID is 23. The subquery is enclosed in parentheses to indicate that it returns a single value. The overall effect of this condition is to retrieve data for the match in which the specified penalty kick was taken.

Alternative Solution:

JOIN with Subquery:


SELECT m.match_no, m.play_stage
FROM match_mast m
JOIN (
    SELECT match_no
    FROM penalty_shootout
    WHERE kick_id = 23
) p ON m.match_no = p.match_no;

Explanation:

This query uses an inner join between the match_mast table and a subquery that selects match_no from penalty_shootout where kick_id is 23. The result is filtered based on matching match_no.

Using EXISTS:


SELECT match_no, play_stage
FROM match_mast m
WHERE EXISTS (
    SELECT 1
    FROM penalty_shootout p
    WHERE p.match_no = m.match_no
    AND p.kick_id = 23
);

Explanation:

This query uses the EXISTS keyword to check if there exists at least one row in the penalty_shootout table where both match_no and kick_id match the corresponding columns in match_mast.

Using IN:


SELECT match_no, play_stage
FROM match_mast
WHERE match_no IN (
    SELECT match_no
    FROM penalty_shootout
    WHERE kick_id = 23
);

Explanation:

This query uses the IN operator to filter the match_no in match_mast based on the set of match_no values returned by the subquery that selects match_no where kick_id is 23 in the penalty_shootout table.

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