AdventureWorks Database: Compute moving average of yearly sales for all sales territories

SQL Query - AdventureWorks: Exercise-89 with Solution

89. From the following table write a query in SQL to return a moving average of sales, by year, for all sales territories. Return BusinessEntityID, TerritoryID, SalesYear, SalesYTD, average SalesYTD as MovingAvg, and total SalesYTD as CumulativeTotal.

businessentityid|territoryid|salesquota|bonus|commissionpct|salesytd    |saleslastyear|rowguid                             |modifieddate           |
----------------+-----------+----------+-----+-------------+------------+-------------+------------------------------------+-----------------------+
             274|           |          |    0|            0| 559697.5639|            0|48754992-9ee0-4c0e-8c94-9451604e3e02|2010-12-28 00:00:00.000|
             275|          2|    300000| 4100|        0.012|3763178.1787| 1750406.4785|1e0a7274-3064-4f58-88ee-4c6586c87169|2011-05-24 00:00:00.000|
             276|          4|    250000| 2000|        0.015|4251368.5497| 1439156.0291|4dd9eee4-8e81-4f8c-af97-683394c1f7c0|2011-05-24 00:00:00.000|
             277|          3|    250000| 2500|        0.015|3189418.3662| 1997186.2037|39012928-bfec-4242-874d-423162c3f567|2011-05-24 00:00:00.000|
             278|          6|    250000|  500|         0.01|1453719.4653| 1620276.8966|7a0ae1ab-b283-40f9-91d1-167abf06d720|2011-05-24 00:00:00.000|
             279|          5|    300000| 6700|         0.01| 2315185.611| 1849640.9418|52a5179d-3239-4157-ae29-17e868296dc0|2011-05-24 00:00:00.000|
             280|          1|    250000| 5000|         0.01|1352577.1325|  1927059.178|be941a4a-fb50-4947-bda4-bb8972365b08|2011-05-24 00:00:00.000|
             281|          4|    250000| 3550|         0.01|2458535.6169| 2073505.9999|35326ddb-7278-4fef-b3ba-ea137b69094e|2011-05-24 00:00:00.000|
             282|          6|    250000| 5000|        0.015|2604540.7172| 2038234.6549|31fd7fc1-dc84-4f05-b9a0-762519eacacc|2011-05-24 00:00:00.000|
             283|          1|    250000| 3500|        0.012|1573012.9383| 1371635.3158|6bac15b2-8ffb-45a9-b6d5-040e16c2073f|2011-05-24 00:00:00.000|
             284|          1|    300000| 3900|        0.019|1576562.1966|            0|ac94ec04-a2dc-43e3-8654-dd0c546abc17|2012-09-23 00:00:00.000|
             285|           |          |    0|            0| 172524.4512|            0|cfdbef27-b1f7-4a56-a878-0221c73bae67|2013-03-07 00:00:00.000|
             286|          9|    250000| 5650|        0.018|1421810.9242| 2278548.9776|9b968777-75dc-45bd-a8df-9cdaa72839e1|2013-05-23 00:00:00.000|
             287|           |          |    0|            0|  519905.932|            0|1dd1f689-df74-4149-8600-59555eef154b|2012-04-09 00:00:00.000|
             288|          8|    250000|   75|        0.018|1827066.7118| 1307949.7917|224bb25a-62e3-493e-acaf-4f8f5c72396a|2013-05-23 00:00:00.000|
             289|         10|    250000| 5150|         0.02|4116871.2277| 1635823.3967|25f6838d-9db4-4833-9ddc-7a24283af1ba|2012-05-23 00:00:00.000|
             290|          7|    250000|  985|        0.016|3121616.3202| 2396539.7601|f509e3d4-76c8-42aa-b353-90b7b8db08de|2012-05-23 00:00:00.000|

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Sample Solution:

-- Selecting BusinessEntityID, TerritoryID, SalesYear, SalesYTD, MovingAvg, and CumulativeTotal
SELECT BusinessEntityID, TerritoryID   
   ,DATE_PART('year',ModifiedDate) AS SalesYear  -- Extracting the year from the ModifiedDate column as SalesYear
   ,CAST(SalesYTD AS VARCHAR(20)) AS SalesYTD  -- Converting SalesYTD to VARCHAR type
   ,AVG(SalesYTD) OVER (ORDER BY DATE_PART('year',ModifiedDate)) AS MovingAvg  -- Calculating moving average of SalesYTD
   ,SUM(SalesYTD) OVER (ORDER BY DATE_PART('year',ModifiedDate)) AS CumulativeTotal  -- Calculating cumulative total of SalesYTD
FROM Sales.SalesPerson  
WHERE TerritoryID IS NULL OR TerritoryID < 5  -- Filtering rows with TerritoryID being NULL or less than 5
ORDER BY SalesYear;  -- Ordering the result set by SalesYear

Explanation:

• This SQL query retrieves data from the SalesPerson table.
• It extracts the year from the ModifiedDate column and assigns it as SalesYear.
• SalesYTD is casted to VARCHAR type.
• The AVG() window function calculates the moving average of SalesYTD over the years.
• The SUM() window function calculates the cumulative total of SalesYTD over the years.
• Rows are filtered to include only those where TerritoryID is NULL or less than 5.
• The result set is ordered by SalesYear.

Sample Output:

businessentityid|territoryid|salesyear|salesytd    |movingavg           |cumulativetotal|
----------------+-----------+---------+------------+--------------------+---------------+
             274|           |   2010.0|559697.5639 | 559697.563900000000|    559697.5639|
             275|          2|   2011.0|3763178.1787|2449684.049457142857|  17147788.3462|
             276|          4|   2011.0|4251368.5497|2449684.049457142857|  17147788.3462|
             277|          3|   2011.0|3189418.3662|2449684.049457142857|  17147788.3462|
             280|          1|   2011.0|1352577.1325|2449684.049457142857|  17147788.3462|
             283|          1|   2011.0|1573012.9383|2449684.049457142857|  17147788.3462|
             281|          4|   2011.0|2458535.6169|2449684.049457142857|  17147788.3462|
             284|          1|   2012.0|1576562.1966|2138250.719422222222|  19244256.4748|
             287|           |   2012.0|519905.932  |2138250.719422222222|  19244256.4748|
             285|           |   2013.0|172524.4512 |1941678.092600000000|  19416780.9260|

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