Catching specific exceptions in Python with multiple except blocks

Explain how we can catch specific exceptions using multiple except blocks.

We can catch specific exceptions using multiple "except" blocks in a Python "try...except" statement. Each "except" block handles a specific type of exception, allowing us to provide custom handling for different exception scenarios. The basic syntax is as follows:

try:
    # Code that may raise exceptions
except ExceptionType1:
    # Code to handle ExceptionType1
except ExceptionType2:
    # Code to handle ExceptionType2
# ...
except ExceptionTypeN:
    # Code to handle ExceptionTypeN

In the above syntax:

• "try" contains the code that may raise exceptions.
• Each "except" block is followed by the type of exception (ExceptionType1, ExceptionType2, etc.) that it should catch.
• We can place the code to handle exceptions of a particular type in the indented block following each "except" block.

Here is an example:

Code:

try:
    n = int(input("Input a number: "))
    result = 100 / n
except ValueError:
    print("Invalid input. Please input a valid integer.")
except ZeroDivisionError:
    print("Division by zero is not allowed.")
except Exception as e:
    print(f"An unexpected error occurred: {e}")

Output:

Input a number: a
Invalid input. Please input a valid integer.

 
Input a number: 0
Division by zero is not allowed.

In the above example,

• The first "except" block catches "ValueError" if the user inputs something that cannot be converted to an integer.
• The second "except" block catches "ZeroDivisionError" if the user enters zero as the denominator.
• The third "except" block catches any other exceptions that inherit from the "Exception" base class, providing a generic error message for unanticipated issues.