Python Challenges: Generate list with 'width'-bit gray code

Python Challenges - 1: Exercise-57 with Solution

From Wikipedia,
The reflected binary code (RBC), also known just as reflected binary (RB) or Gray code after Frank Gray, is an ordering of the binary numeral system such that two successive values differ in only one bit (binary digit). The reflected binary code was originally designed to prevent spurious output from electromechanical switches. Today, Gray codes are widely used to facilitate error correction in digital communications such as digital terrestrial television and some cable TV systems.

Write a Python program to generate list with 'width'-bit gray code.

Sample Solution:

Python Code:

def binaryString(n,w=0):
    """
    Ref.: https://bit.ly/3cWJD22
    return binary representation of 'n' as a 'w'-width string.
    
    >>> binaryString(6)
    '110'
    >>> binaryString(3,4)
    '0011'
    """

    from collections import deque
    bits = deque()
    while n > 0:
        bits.appendleft(('0','1')[n&1])
        n >>= 1
    while len(bits) < w:
        bits.appendleft('0')
    return ''.join(bits)

def gray(width):
    """return list with 'width'-bit gray code.

    >>> gray(1)
    ['0', '1']
    >>> gray(2)
    ['00', '01', '11', '10']
    >>> gray(3)
    ['000', '001', '011', '010', '110', '111', '101', '100']
    """

    return [binaryString(n ^ (n>>1),width) for n in range(2**width)]


print(gray(2))
print("\n",gray(3))
print("\n",gray(4))

Sample Output:

['00', '01', '11', '10']

 ['000', '001', '011', '010', '110', '111', '101', '100']

 ['0000', '0001', '0011', '0010', '0110', '0111', '0101', '0100', '1100', '1101', '1111', '1110', '1010', '1011', '1001', '1000']

Flowchart:

Python Code Editor:

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