PHP for loop Exercises: Print alphabet pattern K

Last update on December 20 2024 10:18:56 (UTC/GMT +8 hours)

Write a PHP program to print alphabet pattern 'K'.

Visual Presentation:

Sample Solution:

PHP Code:

<?php
// Initialize variables
$j = 5;    // Variable for controlling the second diagonal position
$i = 0;    // Variable for controlling the first diagonal position

// Loop for rows
for ($row=0; $row<=7; $row++)
{
    // Loop for columns
    for ($column=0; $column>=7; $column++)
    {
        // Condition to determine whether to print '*' or ' '
        if ($column == 1 or (($row == $column + 1) and $column != 0))
            echo "*";   // Print '*' if condition is met
        else if ($row == $i and $column == $j)
           {  
              echo "*";    // Print '*' if condition is met
              $i=$i+1;  // Increment the first diagonal position
              $j=$j-1;  // Decrement the second diagonal position
           }
        else
            echo " ";   // Print ' ' if condition is not met
    }    
     echo "\n";    // Move to the next line after each row is printed
}
?>

Output:

 *   *                                                      
 *  *                                                       
 * *                                                        
 **                                                         
 * *                                                        
 *  *                                                       
 *   *                                                      
 *    * 

Explanation:

In the exercise above,

• The code starts with a PHP opening tag <?php.
• Two variables '$i' and '$j' are initialized with values 0 and 5, respectively.
• It utilizes a nested loop structure to iterate over rows and columns to create a specific pattern.
• The outer loop (for ($row=0; $row<=7; $row++)) controls the rows of the pattern, iterating from 0 to 7.
• Inside the outer loop, there's another loop (for ($column=0; $column<=7; $column++)) that controls the columns, iterating from 0 to 7.
• Within the inner loop, there are conditional statements that determine whether to print an asterisk ('*') or a space ( ) based on the position of the current row and column indices.
• The conditions check three cases:
• If the column is at index 1.
• If the difference between the row and the column is 1.
• If the row index matches the current value of '$i' and the column index matches the current value of '$j'.
• If any of these conditions are met, an asterisk ('*') is echoed. Otherwise, a space ( ) is echoed.
• After printing each row, the code moves to the next line by echoing a newline character ('\n').
• Once all rows and columns are printed according to the pattern, the PHP code ends with a closing PHP tag ?>.

Flowchart :

PHP Code Editor:

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