JavaScript Sorting Algorithm: Find the index of a given element in a sorted array using the binary search algorithm

JavaScript Sorting Algorithm: Exercise-21 with Solution

Binary Search Index

Write a JavaScript program to find the index of a given element in a sorted array using the binary search algorithm.

• Declare the left and right search boundaries, l and r, initialized to 0 and the length of the array respectively.
• Use a while loop to repeatedly narrow down the search subarray, using Math.floor() to cut it in half.
• Return the index of the element if found, otherwise return -1.
• Note: Does not account for duplicate values in the array.

Sample Solution:

JavaScript Code:

const binarySearch = (arr, item) => {
  let l = 0,
    r = arr.length - 1;
  while (l <= r) {
    const mid = Math.floor((l + r) / 2);
    const guess = arr[mid];
    if (guess === item) return mid;
    if (guess > item) r = mid - 1;
    else l = mid + 1;
  }
  return -1;
};

console.log(binarySearch([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], 1));
console.log(binarySearch([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], 5));
console.log(binarySearch([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], 6));

Sample Output:

0
4
-1

Flowchart:

Live Demo:

For more Practice: Solve these Related Problems:

• Write a JavaScript function that implements binary search recursively to find the index of a target element in a sorted array.
• Write a JavaScript function that returns -1 if the target element is not present in the array.
• Write a JavaScript function that logs each binary search iteration and the mid-index computed during the search.
• Write a JavaScript function that validates that the array is sorted before performing binary search.

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