Sequential Asynchronous tasks with Async/Await in JavaScript

Chained Async/Await Example:

Write a JavaScript program that uses async/await to perform three asynchronous tasks in sequence.

Solution-1: Using async/await with Separate Functions

Code:

// Function to simulate an asynchronous task
const asyncTask = (taskName, time) => {
  return new Promise((resolve) => {
    setTimeout(() => {
      console.log(`${taskName} completed`);
      resolve(taskName);
    }, time);
  });
};

// Function to execute tasks in sequence using async/await
const executeTasks = async () => {
  const result1 = await asyncTask("Task 1", 1000); // Wait for Task 1
  console.log(result1);

  const result2 = await asyncTask("Task 2", 2000); // Wait for Task 2
  console.log(result2);

  const result3 = await asyncTask("Task 3", 1500); // Wait for Task 3
  console.log(result3);

  console.log("All tasks completed sequentially");
};

// Execute the function
executeTasks();

Output:

"Task 1 completed"
"Task 1"
"Task 2 completed"
"Task 2"
"Task 3 completed"
"Task 3"
"All tasks completed sequentially"

Explanation:

• asyncTask is a function that returns a Promise simulating a delayed task using setTimeout.
• The executeTasks function:
• Uses await to wait for each task to complete before starting the next.
• Logs the result of each task sequentially.
• The execution ensures tasks run one after the other, making the process easy to follow.

Solution-2: Using async/await with an Array of Tasks

Code:

// Function to simulate an asynchronous task
const asyncTask = (taskName, time) => {
  return new Promise((resolve) => {
    setTimeout(() => {
      console.log(`${taskName} completed`);
      resolve(taskName);
    }, time);
  });
};

// Array of task definitions
const tasks = [
  () => asyncTask("Task 1", 1000),
  () => asyncTask("Task 2", 2000),
  () => asyncTask("Task 3", 1500),
];

// Function to execute tasks in sequence using async/await
const executeTasksSequentially = async (tasks) => {
  for (const task of tasks) {
    const result = await task(); // Wait for each task to complete
    console.log(result);
  }
  console.log("All tasks completed sequentially");
};

// Execute the tasks
executeTasksSequentially(tasks);

Output:

"Task 1 completed"
"Task 1"
"All tasks completed sequentially"

Explanation:

• asyncTask is reused to simulate asynchronous tasks.
• Tasks are stored as functions in an array.
• executeTasksSequentially iterates over the array using a for...of loop and waits for each task to complete with await.
• Results are logged sequentially, and a final message indicates completion.

See the Pen promises-and-async-await-exercise-7 by w3resource (@w3resource) on CodePen.

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