Java Encapsulation: Implementing an Employee Class with Getter and Setter Methods

Last update on December 21 2024 09:39:15 (UTC/GMT +8 hours)

Write a Java program to create a class called Employee with private instance variables employee_id, employee_name, and employee_salary. Provide public getter and setter methods to access and modify the id and name variables, but provide a getter method for the salary variable that returns a formatted string.

Sample Solution:

Java Code:

// Employee.java

// Employee Class
class Employee {
  // Declare a private int variable for employee_id
  private int employee_id;
  // Declare a private String variable for employee_name
  private String employee_name;
  // Declare a private double variable for employee_salary
  private double employee_salary;

  // Getter method for employee_id
  public int getEmployeeId() {
    return employee_id;
  }

  // Setter method for employee_id
  public void setEmployeeId(int employeeId) {
    this.employee_id = employeeId;
  }

  // Getter method for employee_name
  public String getEmployeeName() {
    return employee_name;
  }

  // Setter method for employee_name
  public void setEmployeeName(String employeeName) {
    this.employee_name = employeeName;
  }

  // Getter method for employee_salary
  public double getEmployeeSalary() {
    return employee_salary;
  }

  // Setter method for employee_salary
  public void setEmployeeSalary(double employeeSalary) {
    this.employee_salary = employeeSalary;
  }

  // Method to get formatted salary as a String
  public String getFormattedSalary() {
    return String.format("$%.2f", employee_salary);
  }
} 

Explanation:

In the aboove code, the Employee class encapsulates the private instance variables employee_id, employee_name, and employee_salary. The getEmployeeId() and getEmployeeName() methods are public getter methods that allow other classes to access employee_id and employee_name values, respectively. The setEmployeeId() and setEmployeeName() methods are public setter methods that allow other classes to modify employee_id and employee_name values.

The getEmployeeSalary() method is another public getter method that returns employee_salary. However, we have also added an additional method getFormattedSalary() that returns a formatted string representation of the salary. This method provides a formatted version of the salary value, adding a dollar sign and two decimal places.

// Main.java
// Main Class

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Create an instance of Employee
        Employee employee = new Employee();

        // Set values using setter methods
        employee.setEmployeeId(15);
        employee.setEmployeeName("Caelius Dathan");
        employee.setEmployeeSalary(4900.0);

        // Get values using getter methods
        int employeeId = employee.getEmployeeId();
        String employeeName = employee.getEmployeeName();
        String formattedSalary = employee.getFormattedSalary();

        // Print the values
		System.out.println("Employee Details:");
        System.out.println("ID: " + employeeId);
        System.out.println("Name: " + employeeName);
        System.out.println("Salary: " + formattedSalary);
    }
}

In the Main class, an employee object within the Employee class is created. The setter methods (setEmployeeId(), setEmployeeName(), and setEmployeeSalary()) are used to set employee_id, employee_name, and employee_salary, respectively. The getter methods (getEmployeeId(), getEmployeeName(), and getFormattedSalary()) are used to retrieve employee_id, employee_name, and formatted salary, respectively.

Finally, System.out.println() statements print employee_id, employee_name, and formatted salary.

Output:

Employee Details:
ID: 15
Name: Caelius Dathan
Salary: $4900.00

Flowchart:

Java Code Editor:

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