C++ Queue Exercises: Find the position of an element in a queue

Last update on December 20 2024 12:31:22 (UTC/GMT +8 hours)

Write a C++ program to find the position of an element in a queue.

Sample Solution:

C Code:

#include <iostream> // Including necessary library for input and output operations

using namespace std;

const int MAX_SIZE = 100; // Maximum size for the queue

class Queue {
private:
    int front; // Front of the queue
    int rear; // Rear of the queue
    int arr[MAX_SIZE]; // Array to store queue elements

public:
    Queue() {
        front = -1; // Initializing front index to -1
        rear = -1; // Initializing rear index to -1
    }

    bool isFull() {
        return (rear == MAX_SIZE - 1); // Check if the queue is full
    }

    bool isEmpty() {
        return (front == -1 && rear == -1); // Check if the queue is empty
    }

    void enqueue(int x) {
        if (isFull()) {
            cout << "Error: Queue is full" << endl; // Display error if the queue is full
            return;
        }
        if (isEmpty()) {
            front = 0;
            rear = 0;
        } else {
            rear++;
        }
        arr[rear] = x; // Add an element to the rear of the queue
    }

    void dequeue() {
        if (isEmpty()) {
            cout << "Error: Queue is empty" << endl; // Display error if the queue is empty
            return;
        }
        if (front == rear) {
            front = -1;
            rear = -1;
        } else {
            front++;
        }
    }

    int peek() {
        if (isEmpty()) {
            cout << "Error: Queue is empty" << endl; // Display error if the queue is empty
            return -1;
        }
        return arr[front]; // Return the element at the front of the queue
    }

    int find_position(Queue q, int x) {
        int pos = 0;
        Queue temp;

        // Traverse the queue and search for the element
        while (!q.isEmpty()) {
            pos++;
            int curr = q.peek();
            q.dequeue();
            temp.enqueue(curr);
            if (curr == x) {
                // Element found, restore the queue and return the position
                while (!temp.isEmpty()) {
                    q.enqueue(temp.peek());
                    temp.dequeue();
                }
                return pos;
            }
        }

        // Element not found, restore the queue and return -1
        while (!temp.isEmpty()) {
            q.enqueue(temp.peek());
            temp.dequeue();
        }
        cout << "Error: Element " << x << " not found in queue." << endl;
        return -1;
    }

    void display() {
        if (isEmpty()) {
            cout << "Error: Queue is empty" << endl; // Display error if the queue is empty
            return;
        }
        cout << "Queue elements are: ";
        for (int i = front; i <= rear; i++) {
            cout << arr[i] << " "; // Display all elements in the queue
        }
        cout << endl;
    }

};

int main() {
    cout << "Initialize a Queue." << endl;
    Queue q1; // Creating an instance of Queue
    cout << "\nInsert some elements into the queue:" << endl;
    q1.enqueue(0);
    q1.enqueue(1);
    q1.enqueue(2);
    q1.enqueue(3);
    q1.enqueue(4);
    q1.enqueue(5);
    q1.enqueue(6);
    q1.display(); // Display elements of the queue
    int x = 2;
    cout << "\nPosition of the element x = " << x << " is " << q1.find_position(q1, x) << endl;
    x = 3;
    cout << "\nPosition of the element x = " << x << " is " << q1.find_position(q1, x) << endl;
    x = 6;
    cout << "\nPosition of the element x = " << x << " is " << q1.find_position(q1, x) << endl;
    return 0;
}

Sample Output:

Initialize a Queue.

Insert some elements into the queue:
Queue elements are: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 

Position of the element x = 2 is 3

Position of the element x = 3 is 4

Position of the element x = 6 is 7

Flowchart:

CPP Code Editor:

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