C++ Object-Oriented Programming: Car class

C++ Object oriented programming: Exercise-4 with Solution

Write a C++ program to create a class called Car that has private member variables for company, model, and year. Implement member functions to get and set these variables.

Sample Solution:

C Code:

#include <iostream> // Including the necessary header for input/output stream
#include <string> // Including the necessary header for string operations

class Car { // Defining a class named Car
  private: 
    std::string company; // Private member to store the company name of the car
    std::string model; // Private member to store the model name of the car
    int year; // Private member to store the year of the car

  public:
    // Constructor to initialize Car object with provided values
    Car(const std::string & comp, const std::string & mdl, int yr): company(comp), model(mdl), year(yr) {}

    // Getter functions to retrieve private member variables
    std::string getCompany() { // Getter function for retrieving the company name
      return company; // Return the stored company name
    }

    std::string getModel() { // Getter function for retrieving the model name
      return model; // Return the stored model name
    }

    int getYear() { // Getter function for retrieving the year
      return year; // Return the stored year
    }

    // Setter functions to modify private member variables
    void setCompany(const std::string & comp) { // Setter function for modifying the company name
      company = comp; // Assign the provided company name to the 'company' member variable
    }

    void setModel(const std::string & mdl) { // Setter function for modifying the model name
      model = mdl; // Assign the provided model name to the 'model' member variable
    }

    void setYear(int yr) { // Setter function for modifying the year
      year = yr; // Assign the provided year to the 'year' member variable
    }
};

int main() {
  // Create a car object with initial values
  Car car("AUDI", "A6", 2023);

  // Get and display the car details using getter functions
  std::cout << "Company: " << car.getCompany() << std::endl; // Output the car's company name
  std::cout << "Model: " << car.getModel() << std::endl; // Output the car's model name
  std::cout << "Year: " << car.getYear() << std::endl; // Output the car's year

  // Set new values for the car using setter functions
  car.setCompany("BMW"); // Update the car's company name
  car.setModel("M4"); // Update the car's model name
  car.setYear(2022); // Update the car's year

  // Get and display the updated car details using getter functions
  std::cout << "\nUpdated Company: " << car.getCompany() << std::endl; // Output the updated car's company name
  std::cout << "Updated Model: " << car.getModel() << std::endl; // Output the updated car's model name
  std::cout << "Updated Year: " << car.getYear() << std::endl; // Output the updated car's year

  return 0; // Return 0 to indicate successful completion
}

Sample Output:

Company: AUDI
Model: A6
Year: 2023

Updated Company: BMW
Updated Model: M4
Updated Year: 2022

Explanation:

In the above exercise,

• The "Car" class represents a car with private member variables company, model, and year. The constructor initializes these variables.
• The getter functions (getCompany(), getModel(), getYear()) are used to retrieve the values of the private member variables.
• The setter functions (setCompany(), setModel(), setYear()) are used to modify the values of the private member variables.
• In the main() function, a Car object is created with the company as "AUDI", model as "A6", and year as 2023. The getter functions (getCompany(), getModel(), getYear()) are then called to retrieve and display the car details.
• Next, the setter functions (setCompany(), setModel(), setYear()) are used to set new values for the car's company, model, and year. Again, the getter functions are called to retrieve and display updated car details.

Flowchart:

CPP Code Editor:

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Previous C++ Exercise: Person class.
Next C++ Exercise: Bank Account Class.