Break amount into smallest banknotes

Last update on January 15 2025 12:37:58 (UTC/GMT +8 hours)

C Practice Exercise

Write a C program to read an amount (integer value) and break the amount into the smallest possible number of bank notes.
Note: The possible banknotes are 100, 50, 20, 10, 5, 2 and 1.

C Code:

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
    int amt, total; // Declare variables for amount and total
    
    // Prompt user for the amount and store it in 'amt'
    printf("Input the amount: ");
    scanf("%d",&amt);
    
    // Calculate and print the number of each denomination
    total = (int)amt/100;
    printf("There are:\n");
    printf("%d Note(s) of 100.00\n", total);
    amt = amt-(total*100);
    
    total = (int)amt/50;
    printf("%d Note(s) of 50.00\n", total);
    amt = amt-(total*50);
    
    total = (int)amt/20;
    printf("%d Note(s) of 20.00\n", total);
    amt = amt-(total*20);
    
    total = (int)amt/10;
    printf("%d Note(s) of 10.00\n", total);
    amt = amt-(total*10);
    
    total = (int)amt/5;
    printf("%d Note(s) of 5.00\n", total);
    amt = amt-(total*5);
    
    total = (int)amt/2;
    printf("%d Note(s) of 2.00\n", total);
    amt = amt-(total*2);
    
    total = (int)amt/1;
    printf("%d Note(s) of 1.00\n", total);
    
    return 0;
}

Explanation:

In the exercise above -

First, the program includes the standard library for input/output functions.
It declares the following variables:

int amt: This variable stores the input amount.
int total: This variable will be used to calculate the number of each denomination of currency notes.

The program prompts the user to input the amount:

It uses "printf()" function to display "Input the amount: " to instruct the user to input the amount.
It uses "scanf()" function to read the user's input and store it in the variable amt.

The program calculates the number of each denomination of currency notes:

Starting with the largest denomination and moving to the smallest, it calculates the number of notes needed for each denomination.
For each denomination (e.g., 100, 50, 20, etc.), it calculates the number of notes and updates the 'total' variable accordingly.
After calculating the number of notes for each denomination, it subtracts the total value of those notes from the remaining amount (amt) to continue with the next denomination.

The program uses "printf()" function to display the number of notes for each denomination:

It prints the number of notes for each denomination, using the 'total' variable.
The format is "X Note(s) of Y.YY" where X is the number of notes, and Y.YY is the denomination.

Finally, the program returns 0 to indicate successful execution.

Sample Output:

Input the amount: 375                                                  
There are:                                                             
3 Note(s) of 100.00                                                    
1 Note(s) of 50.00                                                     
1 Note(s) of 20.00                                                     
0 Note(s) of 10.00                                                     
1 Note(s) of 5.00                                                      
0 Note(s) of 2.00                                                      
0 Note(s) of 1.00

Flowchart:

C Programming Code Editor:

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